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Brilio.net - Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam that must be fulfilled by Muslims who meet the requirements. As a form of social concern and religious obligation, zakat serves to cleanse wealth and help those in need. In Islamic teachings, zakat is divided into several types, including zakat fitrah and zakat mal . Although both are included in the category of zakat, both have fundamental differences in terms of law, purpose, payment time, and calculation method.
Many Muslims are still confused in distinguishing between zakat fitrah and zakat mal. This difference is very important to understand so that every Muslim can fulfill their obligations correctly and according to sharia. Mistakes in understanding or paying zakat can affect the validity or otherwise of the worship, so a deep understanding of these two types of zakat is needed.
Here is a complete review of the differences between zakat fitrah and zakat mal, including the obligatory requirements, payment time, benefits, and how to pay it correctly according to the guidance of Islam. With a good understanding, it is hoped that every Muslim can carry out zakat worship more appropriately and optimally in providing benefits to people in need.
The difference between zakat fitrah and zakat mal
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1. Definition of zakat fitrah and zakat mal
Zakat fitrah is a zakat that must be paid by every Muslim, both men and women, as a purification after carrying out fasting in the month of Ramadan. This zakat must be paid before the Eid al-Fitr holiday arrives and has a certain amount which is generally in the form of staple foods.
Meanwhile, zakat mal is zakat imposed on assets that have reached nisab and haul. This type of zakat applies to various types of assets such as gold, silver, agricultural products, trade, and investment, and has certain calculations in its payment.
2. Mandatory conditions for zakat fitrah and zakat mal
The mandatory requirement to pay zakat fitrah is every Muslim who has excess food on the night and day of Eid al-Fitr. Meanwhile, zakat mal is obligatory for those who have assets that have reached the nisab (minimum limit) and haul (have been owned for one Hijri year).
3. Time of zakat payment
Zakat fitrah must be paid before the Eid prayer so that it is valid and accepted. If paid afterward, then the law becomes ordinary charity. Meanwhile, zakat mal can be paid at any time as long as the assets have reached the nisab and haul.
4. Benefits of zakat fitrah and zakat mal
Zakat fitrah serves as a purification of the soul for those who are fasting and as assistance for the poor so that they can celebrate Eid properly. While zakat mal aims to help groups who are entitled to receive zakat so that they can meet their economic needs more broadly.
5. How to pay zakat
Zakat fitrah is usually paid in the form of staple foods such as rice or wheat, with a measurement of around 2.5 kg or equivalent to the price of the food. While zakat mal is paid by calculating the total assets owned, reducing basic needs, and spending 2.5% of that amount if it has reached the nisab.
(brl/ola)
