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Brilio.net - Understanding various Islamic laws is very important in carrying out economic and business life in accordance with religious values. Islamic law provides clear guidelines regarding ethics and norms in trading, and one of the important aspects regulated is the prohibition against usury. Usury is prohibited in Islam because it is considered an unfair, detrimental practice and contrary to the principles of economic justice.
The importance of understanding Islamic law regarding usury lies in efforts to run business and the economy in accordance with Islamic moral and ethical principles. Usury is considered exploitation which is detrimental to the less well-off, and undermines the principles of mutual justice and economic sustainability. By understanding and respecting the prohibition of usury, a Muslim businessman can build a business that is fair, beneficial and sustainable.
Apart from that, understanding Islamic law regarding usury also involves awareness of moral and social responsibility towards society. Businesses that are free from usury help create an inclusive and fair economic ecosystem, and ensure a more equitable distribution of wealth. By complying with Islamic law, a businessman can become an agent of positive change in reducing economic inequality and creating a business environment that supports social and economic sustainability.
So, to further understand what usury is, let's read the following article in full. Summarized by brilio.net from various sources on Monday (5/2), there are various types of riba, understand the meaning, characteristics and laws of doing so according to Islam.
Understanding Usury
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Riba is a term in Arabic that generally refers to excess or addition in financial transactions, especially in money loans. In the context of Islamic economics, usury is considered a practice that involves unfair and exploitative increases or profits. Therefore, Islam views usury as one of the main prohibitions in Islam and is considered a violation of ethics and principles of justice.
The prohibition of usury is not only established as a legal rule, but also reflects the basic philosophy of Islam in creating a just society , fair and sustainable.
Usury is considered detrimental to the weak, creates economic inequality and destroys harmony in society. By prohibiting usury, Islam aims to build an economy based on moral values, justice and mutual benefit for all members of society.
Types of UsuryRiba Fadhl is an addition required in the exchange of similar goods. This buying and selling is also known as bartering, without any compensation for the addition. This is explained in the hadith as follows, Rasulullah SAW said:
"Gold exchange transactions for gold must be in the same measure, weight and hand to hand (cash), the excess is usury: silver for silver must be in the same measure and weight and hand to hand (cash), the excess is usury: flour and flour must be the same measure, scales and hand to hand (cash), the excess is usury: dates and dates must be the same measure, scales and hand to hand (cash), the excess is usury : salt with salt must be in the same measure, scales and hand to hand (cash) the excess is usury." (HR Muslim)
Riba Al Yad is usury in buying and selling or that occurs in exchange. The exchange occurs without any excess, but one of the parties involved leaves the contract, before delivery of the goods or price occurs. In a hadith, the Prophet said:
"Don't transact one dinar with two dinars, one dirham with two dirhams; one sha with two sha because I'm afraid of usury (al-rama). Someone asked: O Messenger, what if someone sells a horse for several horses and a camel for several camels? Answered the Prophet SAW It doesn't matter, as long as it is done hand to hand (directly)." (HR Ahmad and Thabrani)
Riba Nasi'ah is an addition mentioned in an agreement to exchange goods or muqayadhah or barter, as compensation for delaying a payment. The law on this type of usury is very clear.
Is usury in debts and receivables, namely by taking benefits or a certain level of excess that is implied to the recipient of the debt or muqtaridh.
This usury is the addition of debt in excess of the principal value of the debt because the debt recipient is unable to pay the debt on time.
Because the act of usury is an act that is hated and forbidden by Allah to Muslims, Allah and the Messenger of Allah gave threats to people who commit acts of usury. This is clearly stated in the Koran, Surah Al Baqarah verse 279.
Fa il lam taf'alu fa'zanu biharbim minallaahi wa rasulih , wa in tubtum fa lakum ru'usu amwaalikum, laa tazlimuna wa laa tuzlamun
Meaning:
"So if you do not do (leave the rest of usury), then know that Allah and His Messenger will fight you. And if you repent (from taking usury), then the principal of your wealth will be yours; you will neither persecute nor (nor) be persecuted."
The legal arguments regarding usury
Yam-haqullaahur-ribaa wa yurbis-sadaqaat, wallaahu laa yuhibbu kulla kaffaarin asiim
Meaning:
"Allah destroys usury and enriches charity. And Allah does not like anyone who remains in disbelief and always sins."
Yaa ayyuhallaziina aamanuttaqullaaha wa zaru maa baqiya minar ribaa ing kuntum mu'miniin
< p>Meaning:O you who believe, fear Allah and leave the remainder of usury (which has not been collected) if you are believers.
Wa akhzihimur-ribaa wa qad nuhu 'an-hu wa aklihim amwaalan-naasi bil- baatil, wa a'tadnaa lil-kaafiriina min-hum 'azaaban aliimaa
Meaning:
"And because they eat usury, even though in fact they have been forbidden from it, and because they eat wealth people with false ways. We have prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful punishment."
(brl/tin)
