5 types of marriage laws in Islam, a complete guide for brides-to-be

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From obligatory to forbidden, each law has its own basis and considerations.

Brilio.net - Marriage in Islam is not just a social ritual, but a form of worship that has deep spiritual value. However, not all marriages have the same laws in Islamic law. There are various laws of marriage that every Muslim needs to understand, especially those who are planning to get married.

Marriage laws in Islam vary depending on the situation and conditions of the individuals who are getting married. From obligatory to forbidden, each law has its own basis and considerations. Understanding the various laws of marriage is important to ensure that the marriage carried out is in accordance with religious guidance and brings blessings.

In this article, we will discuss five types of marriage laws in Islam along with explanations and examples. This discussion is expected to be a guide for prospective Muslim brides and grooms in preparing their marriage spiritually and according to Islamic law.

The law of marriage becomes obligatory when a person has the ability to marry, both financially and physically, and is worried about falling into adultery if he does not marry.

Explanation:
- Condition: A person is financially able to support a family and has a high sexual desire.
- Purpose: To protect oneself from adultery and fulfill biological needs in a halal manner.
- Evidence: Based on the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW who ordered young men who were able to marry.

Example:
- A 25-year-old man with a steady job, has a strong sexual drive, and lives in an environment with a high risk of promiscuity.
- A financially independent career woman, 30 years old, finds it difficult to resist her biological desires.

The law of marriage becomes sunnah when a person has the ability to marry and can control his desires, but wants to have children and complete half of his religion.

Explanation:
- Condition: A person is financially and mentally capable of getting married, but is not worried about falling into adultery if he does not get married.
- Goal: Follow the sunnah of Rasulullah SAW and get additional rewards.
- Evidence: The Prophet's hadith states that marriage is part of his sunnah.

Example:
- A 28-year-old man with a well-established career, able to control his lust, but wants to have children and a life partner.
- A 26 year old woman who is focused on education and career, but wants to complete her worship by getting married.

The law of marriage becomes permissible (mubah) when a person is in a normal condition, there is no strong urge to marry, but there is also no obstacle to doing so.

Explanation:
- Condition: A person has a desire to get married but is not too urgent, and is able to control his desires well.
- Purpose: To fulfill human nature to pair up and form a family.
- Evidence: Based on the generality of the verses of the Qur'an regarding the recommendation to marry.

Example:
- A 30-year-old man who is still focused on developing his career, but would not mind finding a suitable partner.
- A 27-year-old woman who is comfortable with her single life, but is open to marriage if the opportunity arises.

The law of marriage becomes makruh when someone has the ability to marry but is worried about not being able to fulfill the obligations of marriage or will hurt his partner.

Explanation:
- Condition: A person has doubts about his or her ability to carry out the responsibilities of marriage, whether financially, physically, or mentally.
- Purpose: To avoid potential injustice or suffering in the household.
- Evidence: Based on Islamic principles to avoid harm.

Example:
- A man who has a chronic illness that may prevent him from fulfilling his husband's obligations.
- A woman who has unresolved past trauma and is worried that it will affect her marriage.

Marriage law becomes haram when the marriage will definitely bring harm or violate Islamic law.

Explanation:
- Condition: A person believes that marriage will have significant negative consequences or violate Islamic law.
- Objective: To prevent injustice and violations of sharia.
- Evidence: Based on the prohibition in the Qur'an and Hadith regarding invalid or dangerous marriages.

Example:
- Marrying a woman who is still in the iddah period (waiting period after divorce or husband's death).
- A man who intends to marry to oppress or hurt women.
- Marriages carried out with the intention of committing polygamy without fulfilling the conditions stipulated in Islam.

Understanding the various laws of marriage is important for every Muslim who plans to get married. With this knowledge, a person can evaluate his/her condition and ensure that the decision to get married is in accordance with religious guidance. Marriage in Islam is not only about fulfilling biological or social needs, but also an act of worship that brings blessings and rewards if done with the right intention and in accordance with sharia.

(brl/tin)