Brilio.net - In the world of physics , quantity is anything that can be measured and expressed in numbers. This quantity is very important in various fields of science and technology. Based on how to obtain it, quantities can be divided into two main categories: basic quantities and derived quantities. This article will discuss in depth both types of quantities, as well as provide relevant examples to clarify understanding.
Principal Amount Basic quantities are quantities whose units have been determined in advance and do not depend on other quantities. These quantities are the basis of all measurements in physics. Here are some examples of basic quantities:
- Length : Length is a quantity that measures the distance between two points. The international unit (SI) for length is the meter (m).
- Mass : Mass is a quantity that measures the amount of matter in an object. The SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg).
- Time : Time is a quantity that measures the duration of an event. The SI unit for time is the second (s).
- Electric current : Electric current is a quantity that measures the flow of electric charge. The SI unit for electric current is the ampere (A).
- Temperature : Temperature is a quantity that measures the degree of hotness or coldness of an object. The SI unit for temperature is the kelvin (K).
- Amount of substance : Amount of substance is a quantity that measures the number of particles in a substance. The SI unit for amount of substance is the mole (mol).
- Luminous intensity : Luminous intensity is a quantity that measures the strength of light emitted. The SI unit for luminous intensity is the candela (cd).
Derived quantities Derived quantities are quantities obtained from a combination of basic quantities through mathematical relationships. These quantities do not have their own units, but are derived from the units of basic quantities. Here are some examples of derived quantities:
- Speed : Speed is a quantity that measures the change in position of an object per unit of time. Speed is obtained by dividing length by time, so its unit is meters per second (m/s).
- Acceleration : Acceleration is a quantity that measures the change in velocity per unit of time. Acceleration is obtained by dividing velocity by time, so its units are meters per second squared (m/s).
- Force : Force is a quantity that measures the push or pull that causes a change in the motion of an object. Force is obtained by multiplying mass by acceleration, so its unit is newton (N), which is equal to kgm/s.
- Energy : Energy is a quantity that measures the ability to do work. Energy is obtained by multiplying force by distance, so its unit is joule (J), which is equivalent to N m or kg m/s.
- Power : Power is a quantity that measures the rate at which energy is used or produced. Power is obtained by dividing energy by time, so its unit is watts (W), which is equivalent to J/s or kgm/s.
- Pressure : Pressure is a quantity that measures force per unit area. Pressure is obtained by dividing force by area, so its unit is pascal (Pa), which is equivalent to N/m or kg/(m s).
- Frequency : Frequency is a quantity that measures the number of vibrations or waves that occur per unit of time. Frequency is obtained by dividing the number of vibrations by time, so its unit is hertz (Hz), which is equivalent to s.
The importance of understanding quantities in physics Understanding basic and derived quantities is very important in physics because:
- Measurement accuracy : By knowing the quantity and its units, measurements can be carried out more accurately and consistently.
- Scientific communication : Standard quantities and units facilitate communication between scientists and engineers around the world.
- Technological development : Knowledge of quantities enables the development of more sophisticated and efficient technologies.
Quantities in physics are divided into two main categories based on how they are obtained: basic quantities and derived quantities. Basic quantities are basic quantities whose units have been determined, while derived quantities are obtained from combinations of basic quantities. Understanding these two types of quantities is essential for measurement accuracy, scientific communication, and technological development. With a good understanding of quantities, various physical phenomena can be explained and analyzed more precisely.
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