Brilio.net - Hikayat is one form of old literary work originating from the Malay world. This work usually contains stories that contain moral, religious, and heroic values. Unlike modern literary works, hikayat is written in a classical language style that is full of allusions and full of meaning. Nevertheless, the beauty of hikayat can still be enjoyed because the stories often contain important messages about life.
In its development, fables are not only seen as literary heritage, but also as a means of learning morals and ethics. Fables often feature heroic figures and extraordinary events, which aim to provide examples for their readers. For students or beginners who want to learn fables, understanding their structure is important. The structure of a fable usually consists of several elements, such as introduction, conflict, climax, and resolution.
For this reason, brilio.net will discuss 5 examples of short saga texts and their structures, so that readers can understand more deeply the meaning and types of saga. In addition, we will explain several aspects that are characteristic of sagas, so that beginners can more easily learn this unique literary form.
Definition of fairy tale
A saga is a type of literary work that contains stories about miracles, heroism, and epic stories that are full of moral and cultural values. Saga is often related to the world of kingdoms, famous figures, or even supernatural beings. In a saga, the main characters are often depicted as heroes who have extraordinary powers or admirable qualities.
Story structure
In general, fables have a structure similar to other narrative stories, namely:
1. Introduction: This section introduces the characters, setting, and atmosphere of the story.
2. Conflict: The part where problems or obstacles start to appear.
3. Climax: The peak part of the story, where the conflict reaches its highest point.
4. Resolution: The final part of the story where the problem is resolved and the story is closed.
Types of tales
There are several types of saga that are known, including:
- Heroic tales: Contains stories about heroic figures who fought against the enemy.
- Religious tales: Tells about holy figures or events related to religion.
- Royal sagas: Stories related to life in the palace or royal family.
After knowing the definition, structure, and types of fables, you can also see some examples that brilio.net has collected from various sources, Thursday (12/9). Come on, let's see the discussion.
1. The Tale of Hang Tuah
Hikayat Hang Tuah tells the story of a Malay hero who was very loyal to the sultan. Hang Tuah was known as a brave and wise warrior, and always put the interests of the country above everything else. In this story, Hang Tuah was slandered by his enemies who were jealous of his success at court. As a result of this slander, the sultan decided to punish Hang Tuah without carrying out further investigation.
At the climax of the story, Hang Tuah disappears after being slandered. During his exile, the kingdom's enemies grow in power and the situation worsens. When the truth is finally revealed, Hang Tuah is pardoned and recalled by the sultan to serve again. Returning to the palace, he displays the same loyalty and wisdom, proving himself to be an irreplaceable hero for the kingdom.
2. Tale of the Wise King
The Tale of the Wise King tells the story of a king who was known to be just and wise in leading his kingdom. Under his leadership, the people lived in prosperity and peace. However, one day the kingdom was hit by a terrible natural disaster, so that many people suffered. The situation became more difficult when the king had to decide how to save his people from the disaster.
At the climax of the story, the king, with the help of his advisor, finds a solution to overcome the disaster. After consulting with advisors and royal experts, the king finally found a solution that brought the kingdom back to health. In the settlement, the people returned to living in peace and the king was still remembered as a just and wise leader of all time.
3. The Tale of the Poor Man
The Tale of the Poor Man tells the story of a young man who lives in poverty. He lives in a village inhabited by richer people, but they never pay attention to him. The poor man's life becomes even more difficult when he is expelled from his village because he is considered to bring bad luck. Isolated and having nothing, the poor man struggles to survive outside the village.
At the climax of the story, the poor man finds a treasure that makes him very rich. With this wealth, he returns to his village as a successful man. However, instead of seeking revenge, he uses his wealth to help the people in his village. In the end, the poor man becomes a respected figure because of his generosity.
4. The Tale of the Princess of Mount Ledang
Princess Gunung Ledang was a princess who had extraordinary beauty, so many kings from various kingdoms wanted to marry her. One of the kings who was interested was the Sultan of the Melaka kingdom, who sent an envoy to propose to her. However, the princess was not easy to conquer, and she put forward conditions that were very difficult for the Sultan to fulfill as a challenge.
At the climax of the story, the Sultan must decide whether he will fulfill the conditions set by the princess. Although the Sultan tries hard, the conditions are too difficult, so in the end he fails to marry Princess Gunung Ledang. This story conveys a message about excessive desire and awareness of the limits of human ability.
5. The Tale of Malin Kundang
Malin Kundang was a poor young man who lived with his mother. Since childhood, he had dreamed of going abroad and becoming rich. As an adult, Malin Kundang succeeded in realizing his dream. He became a wealthy merchant and married a woman from a prominent family. However, when he returned to his hometown, Malin Kundang did not recognize his old and poor mother.
At the climax of the story, his very disappointed mother then cursed Malin Kundang. As a result of the curse, Malin Kundang turned into stone. This story became a legend that teaches about the importance of devotion to parents and the dangers of arrogance and disobedience.